Ten years from now, three spacecraft will be launched into orbit around the sun, approximately 50 million kilometres from Earth, to detect ripples in the spacetime called gravitational waves (GWs). This detector is named Laser Interferometer Space Antenna (LISA), and has an arm length of 2.5 million kilometres between its spacecraft, a million times larger than the terrestrial LIGO observatory, enabling the detection of GWs in milli-Hertz band. LISA will detect GWs from supermassive black hole binaries. The authors propose the use of a meshfree method in accelerating the parameter estimation of such sources.

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Freezing of gait is a common symptom of Parkinson’s disease, where patients briefly lose the ability to move forward while walking. Vibrations of small frequency on the skin at various locations, or vibrotactile stimulation, have been shown to help overcome this freezing. Studying Parkinson’s patients alongside healthy individuals, the authors compare how accurately these groups perceive vibrotactile input at various locations such as ‘Thigh’, ‘Finger’, ‘Wrist’ etc. They find that ‘Thigh’ is the best location for vibrotactile input, followed by ‘Wrist’, in Parkinson’s patients.

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A sugar found in the outer skeletons of shellfish, Chitosan, offers durability to materials called hydrogels - three-dimensional networks of polymers in water used in biological and medicinal contexts. Conducting a review on chitosan-based hydrogels, the authors highlight the various methods to synthesise these hydrogels. They outline how characterization of these hydrogels is carried out, for important physical properties such as injectibility and recoverability, and biological properties such as drug delivery, viability, and compatibility.

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Chores at home after school take away time from study and leisure. Analysing data from UDAYA, a large publicly available survey of adolescents and youth in Uttar Pradesh and Bihar states of India, the authors establish the influence of unpaid domestic labour on educational outcomes among 12-23-year-olds.

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Several antibiotics and pharmaceutical products do not degrade easily and are found in harmful concentrations in sewage. Ozone, despite being a powerful agent in water treatment, is ineffective in treating these antibiotics as it is not very soluble in water. The authors, addressing this, synthesize ozone microbubbles - bubbles with sub-millimetre diameters - which drastically increase the available surface area for ozone to interact and be transported to the liquid phase.

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